Articular Infinitive in Mark's Gospel Narrative
The articular infinitive is a grammatical construction in Greek where the infinitive form of a verb is preceded by the definite article, often functioning to express purpose, result, or a noun-like quality. In Mark's Gospel, this construction appears frequently, contributing to the narrative's style and theological emphasis.
Mark's use of the articular infinitive is part of his broader narrative strategy. For instance, in Mark 1:1, the phrase "the beginning of the gospel" employs the articular infinitive, setting the tone for the rest of the narrative [3]. This construction is not unique to Mark, as it is found throughout the New Testament, but Mark's usage is distinctive in its frequency and context.
The articular infinitive in Mark serves various purposes, including indicating purpose or intention. For example, in Mark 1:4, "John came baptizing" uses the articular infinitive to describe John's mission [2]. Similarly, in Mark 1:14, "Jesus came preaching" employs this construction to highlight Jesus' primary activity [5].
Patristic commentators like Augustine have noted the nuances of Mark's narrative, including his use of grammatical constructions like the articular infinitive. Augustine discusses the harmony among the Gospel accounts, including Mark's, and highlights the importance of understanding the evangelists' narrative choices [1].
The articular infinitive is also significant in understanding Mark's Christology. By using this construction, Mark emphasizes certain aspects of Jesus' ministry and mission. For instance, the phrase "to give his life a ransom for many" in Mark 10:45 uses the articular infinitive to underscore the purpose of Jesus' sacrifice [4].
Sources
- Schaff ANF/NPNF (Patristic) “NPNF1 Vol 6: Augustine — Homilies on the Gospels — CHAP. VI.--OF THE HARMONY CHARACTERIZING THE ACCOUNTS WHICH THESE EVANGELISTS GIVE OF WHAT HAPPENED WHEN THE LORD WAS LED AWAY TO THE HOUSE OF THE HIGH PRIEST, AS ALSO OF THE OCCURRENCES WHICH TOOK PL (part 8): that Matthew and Mark use the plural number instead of the singular, and speak of the persons who were engaged with Peter, while Luke mentions only a single individual, and John, too, specifies but one, particularizing him further as kinsman to him whose ear Peter cut off; we may easily explain it either by understanding Matthew and Mar”
- Mark (Nonconformist/Puritan) “Matthew Henry on Mark 1 (introduction): Mark's narrative does not take rise so early as those of Matthew and Luke do, from the birth of our Saviour, but from John's baptism, from which he soon passes to Christ's public ministry. Accordingly, in this chapter, we have, I. The office of John Baptist illustrated by the prophecy of him (Mar 1:1-3), and by the history of him (Mar 1:4-8). II. Christ's baptism, and his being owned from heaven (Mar 1:9-11). III. His temptation (Mar 1:12, Mar 1:13). IV. His preaching (Mar 1:14, Mar 1:15, Mar 1:21, Mar 1:22, Mar 1:38, Mar 1:39). V. His calling disciples ”
- Mark (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Mark 1:1: 1:1 Mark opens with an introduction. This Gospel is about Jesus. With every account in Mark, one should ask, “What is Mark teaching about Jesus in this passage?” • Good News, a frequent term in Mark (see 1:14-15; 8:35; 10:29; 13:10; 14:9), is frequently translated gospel. See study note on Mark 1:15. • The Hebrew word mashiakh (Messiah) is equivalent to the Greek term christos (Christ). Both words mean “anointed.” In the Old Testament, priests (Exod 28:41; Lev 16:32; 21:10), kings (2 Sam 1:14, 16; 19:21; Ps 2), and prophets (1 Kgs 19:16) were anointed with oil to ind”
- Mark (Methodist/Wesleyan) “Adam Clarke on Mark 16:20: The Lord working with them - This co-operation was twofold, internal and external. Internal, illuminating their minds, convincing them of the truth, and establishing them in it. External, conveying their word to the souls that heard it, by the demonstration of the Holy Ghost; convincing them of sin, righteousness, and judgment; justifying them by his blood, and sanctifying them by his Spirit. Though miraculous powers are not now requisite, because the truth of the Gospel has been sufficiently confirmed, yet this co-operation of God is indispensably necessary, without”
- Mark (Methodist/Wesleyan) “Adam Clarke on Mark 1 (introduction): The mission, preaching, and success of John Baptist, Mar 1:1-5. His manner of life, Mar 1:6. Proclaims Christ, and baptizes him in Jordan, Mar 1:7-11. The temptation of Christ, Mar 1:12, Mar 1:13. John being put in prison, Christ begins to preach, Mar 1:14, Mar 1:15. He calls Andrew and Simon, Mar 1:16-18. James and John, Mar 1:19, Mar 1:20. Teaches in Capernaum, Mar 1:21, Mar 1:22. Casts out a demon, Mar 1:23-28. Goes into the house of Simon, and heals his mother-in-law, Mar 1:29-31. Heals many diseased persons, Mar 1:32-34. Goes to the desert, and is fol”