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Building a Firm Foundation in Scripture and Faith

The concept of a "foundation" in biblical thought refers to the lowest part of a building upon which it rests [2]. This imagery is applied broadly in Scripture, describing the foundations of the heavens, the earth, the world, mountains, and even oceans [2]. In a spiritual sense, the foundation is critical for stability and endurance.

The New Testament frequently employs this architectural metaphor to describe the basis of Christian faith and the Church. Ephesians 2:20 states that believers "are built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the chief cornerstone" [1]. This verse indicates that the teachings of the apostles and prophets, centered on Christ, form the bedrock of the Christian community. John Gill, in his commentary on Ephesians, clarifies that this foundation is not merely the persons of the apostles and prophets, nor their doctrines in isolation, but "Christ who is contained in them" [11]. Christ is the singular and ultimate foundation for the covenant of grace, its blessings, and the hope of salvation [11].

The idea of a cornerstone is also significant. Job 38:6 asks, "Whereupon were its foundations fastened? Or who laid its cornerstone?" [3]. The cornerstone is the principal stone at the corner of a building, uniting two walls and providing structural integrity [2]. In the context of Ephesians 2:20, Christ Jesus is identified as this chief cornerstone, signifying His essential role in holding the entire spiritual edifice together [1].

The "work of faith" is another related concept, emphasizing that faith is not a passive assent but an active, working reality that produces fruit [5]. This active faith is seen as a continuous chain of "work" rather than isolated "works," leading to its perfect development [5]. This foundation of faith, hope, and love is crucial for believers [5, 7]. John Chrysostom, an early Church Father, frequently referenced foundational biblical texts in his homilies, underscoring the importance of these scriptural underpinnings for Christian life and doctrine [4, 6, 8, 10]. The stability and peace that result from such a firm foundation are highlighted in passages like Isaiah 32:17, where the "work" of righteousness is peace [9].

Sources

  1. Ephesians “being built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the chief cornerstone; -- Ephesians 2:20”
  2. Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Foundation — The lowest part of a building, and on which it rests -- Lu 14:29; Ac 16:26. Figuratively applied to The heavens. -- 2Sa 22:8. The earth. -- Job 38:4; Ps 104:5. The world. -- Ps 18:15; Mt 13:35. The mountains. -- De 32:22. The ocean. -- Ps 104:8. Kingdoms. -- Ex 9:18. Laid for Cities. -- Jos 6:26; 1Ki 16:34. Walls. -- Ezr 4:12; Re 21:14. Houses. -- Lu 6:48. Temples. -- 1Ki 6:37; Ezr 3:10. Towers. -- Lu 14:28,29. Described as Of stone. -- 1Ki 5:17. Deep laid. -- Lu 6:48. Strongly laid. -- Ezr 6:3. Joined together by corner stones. -- Ezr 4:12; 1Pe 2:6; Eph”
  3. Job “Whereupon were its foundations fastened? Or who laid its cornerstone, -- Job 38:6”
  4. CCEL/NPNF (Eastern Orthodox) “John Chrysostom, Homilies on Acts & Romans: Index of Scripture References Genesis 1:26 2:10 2:18 2:21 2:21 2:24 2:24 2:24 3:5 3:6 3:11 3:16 3:16 3:16 3:19 3:19 4 4:2 4:6 4:7 4:7 4:7 4:9 4:9 4:10 4:10 4:10 4:11 4:14 6:3 6:3 6:9 9:5 9:20 9:22 11:8 11:31 12:3 12:7 12:7 14:14 15:12 15:13-14 18:3 18:3 18:3 18:7 18:17 18:19 18:27 18:33 21:12 22:3 22:18 25:33 27:27 27:41 27:45 28:12 28:20 29:23 30:1-2 31:7 31:15 31:40 32:10 32:21 32:28 32:29 33:19 37:18 39:1-20 40:23 41:40 41:42-43 42:21 45:5 45:5 45:9 45:24 48:16 49:7 60:8 Exodus 1:14 1:22 2:11 2:13 2:15 2:22 3:1 3:2 3:2 4:10 4:22 5:2 9:11 17:4 18:2”
  5. 1 Thessalonians (Presbyterian) “Jamieson, Fausset & Brown on 1 Thessalonians 1:3: work of faith--the working reality of your faith; its alacrity in receiving the truth, and in evincing itself by its fruits. Not an otiose assent; but a realizing, working faith; not "in word only," but in one continuous chain of "work" (singular, not plural, works), Th1 1:5-10; Jam 2:22. So "the work of faith" in Th2 1:11 implies its perfect development (compare Jam 1:4). The other governing substantives similarly mark respectively the characteristic manifestation of the grace which follows each in the genitive. Faith, love, and hope, are the ”
  6. CCEL/NPNF (Eastern Orthodox) “John Chrysostom, Homilies on John & Hebrews: Index of Scripture References Genesis 1:1 1:2 1:3 1:20 1:26 1:26 2:7 2:17 2:18 3:5 3:9 3:9 3:10 3:16 3:18 3:19 4:4 4:7 4:7 4:9 4:10 6:2 6:5 6:9 7:1 11:4 12:1 12:7 12:7 13:15 13:15 15:5 15:6 17:14 18 18 18:15 18:17 18:21 18:21 21:12 22:1 22:1-2 22:12 23:4 25:27 26:18-22 27:41 28:20 37:7 37:9 37:10 47:9 47:9 47:31 49:9 Exodus 2:14 2:14 2:14-15 3:6 3:14 6:9 12:3 12:46 14:21 17:12 17:12 19 19:16 19:16 19:18 19:19 19:19 19:19 19:20 19:20 20:9 20:13 20:19 20:21 23:3 32:10 33:13 33:20 35:23 Leviticus 15:18 Numbers 5 6:3 9:12 11:12 14:3 14:29 16:5 17:12 Deu”
  7. Ephesians (Presbyterian) “Jamieson, Fausset & Brown on Ephesians 1:12: (Eph 1:6, Eph 1:14). who first trusted in Christ--rather (we Jewish Christians), "who have before hoped in the Christ": who before the Christ came, looked forward to His coming, waiting for the consolation of Israel. Compare Act 26:6-7, "I am judged for the hope of the promise made of God unto our fathers: unto which our twelve tribes, instantly serving God day and night, hope to come." Act 28:20, "the hope of Israel" [ALFORD]. Compare Eph 1:18; Eph 2:12; Eph 4:4.”
  8. CCEL/NPNF (Eastern Orthodox) “John Chrysostom, Homilies on Acts & Romans: 1:19 1:20 1:20 2:1-2 2:2 2:8 2:8 2:9 2:9 2:12 2:14 2:14 2:15 3:2-9 3:5 3:8-12 3:16 4:13 4:13 4:19 5:5 5:6 5:16 5:20 5:23 5:23 6:2 6:8 6:9 6:9 6:10 6:10 6:13 2 Timothy 1:5 1:5 1:16 2:9 2:9 3:2 3:12 3:15 4:6 4:6 4:10 4:11 4:11 4:13 4:15 4:17 4:20 Titus 1:7-9 1:12 1:12 1:16 2:12 3:5 Philemon 1:1 1:2 1:2 1:9 1:22 5:13 Hebrews 1:5 1:14 2:2 2:2 5:11-12 6:9 8:11 8:13 9:16 9:26 9:26-28 10:12 10:24 10:28-29 10:28-29 10:29 10:34 10:37 11:31 12:2 12:24 12:29 13:3 13:3 13:10 13:17 13:17 13:21 13:22 13:24 James 1:9 1:18 2:6 2:23 3:4 4:6 5:14-15 5:17 1 Peter 3:21 ”
  9. Isaiah (Presbyterian) “Jamieson, Fausset & Brown on Isaiah 32:17: work--the effect (Pro 14:34; Jam 3:18). peace--internal and external.”
  10. CCEL/NPNF (Eastern Orthodox) “John Chrysostom, Homilies on Galatians–Colossians–Thessalonians: Index of Scripture References Genesis 1:11 1:11 1:26 1:26 1:26 1:27 1:27 1:27 1:31 1:31 2:2 2:7 2:17 2:17 2:18 2:23 2:24 2:24 2:24 3:5 3:16 3:24 4 4:9 4:14 6:2 6:3 6:4 6:9 6:12 7:7 8:21 12:1 12:4 12:16 13:10 13:10-11 14:14 14:21-23 15:16 16:5 16:6 17:8 18:11 18:12 18:14 18:21 19:13 19:14 19:24 21:10 21:12 21:12 22:7-8 22:16 22:18 22:18 24:1-67 24:22 24:65 25:21 25:21 26:4 27:46 28:1 28:13 31:42 31:45 32:48 35:18 37:9-10 37:20 39:1 39:6 40:4 40:7 40:8 40:14-15 40:22 41 41:16 42:36 43:14 43:30 45:5 48:15-16 49:9 64:28 Exodus 2:11 2”
  11. Ephesians (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on Ephesians 2:20: And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets,.... The prophets of the Old Testament, and the apostles of the New, who agree in laying ministerially the one and only foundation, Jesus Christ; for not the persons of the apostles and prophets, nor their doctrines merely, are here meant; but Christ who is contained in them, and who is the foundation on which the church, and all true believers are built: he is the foundation of the covenant of grace, of all the blessings and promises of it, of faith and hope, of peace, joy, and comfort, of salvation an”
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