BEREAN.AI ← Ask a Question

Expectation of Jesus' Return in Modern Christianity

The expectation of Jesus' return is a central tenet in modern Christianity, rooted in biblical prophecies and apostolic teachings concerning Christ's "second advent" [1]. This future event is described using several Greek terms in the New Testament, including apokalupsis (revelation), parousia (coming or presence), and epiphaneia (appearing or manifestation) [1, 12]. These terms highlight different aspects of Christ's return, emphasizing its revelatory nature, his personal presence, and his glorious manifestation [1, 12].

The New Testament consistently points to a future return of Jesus Christ. For instance, Acts 1:11 records angels telling the disciples that Jesus, "who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven." Other passages like Acts 3:20-21, 1 Thessalonians 4:15, and Hebrews 9:28 further affirm this expectation [2]. This "coming again the second time at the last day" is distinct from his first advent, which occurred "in the fulness of the time" [2]. The resurrection of Jesus is presented as a foundational historical fact and a divine pledge that God's revelation is true and worthy of acceptance, forming the basis for this future hope [3, 5, 7].

The timing of Jesus' return is consistently described as unknown, with passages like Matthew 24:36 and Mark 13:32 stating that "concerning that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father only" [6]. Despite this unknown timing, early Christians held a widespread expectation of Christ's speedy return, based on passages such as Matthew 24:29-30, 34 [1]. This anticipation encourages believers to live in readiness, as if "waiting for their Lord" [8].

Various biblical texts describe the nature and implications of this return. It is referred to as the "times of refreshing from the presence of the Lord" and the "times of restitution of all things" [6]. Believers are encouraged to wait for "the blessed hope and manifestation of the glory of our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ" (Titus 2:13 YLT) [4]. This future "epiphany" or appearance of Christ will achieve final salvation, building upon his first, saving epiphany [12]. The expectation of Christ's return is meant to instill a "confident hope" in believers, anticipating future blessings and their sharing in Christ's glory [14, 9]. Those who hold this hope are encouraged to keep themselves pure, striving to become more like Christ in anticipation of his glorious appearing [9].

The concept of Christ's return is also linked to the "end of the world as we know it" [13]. The "last days" began with Christ's first coming, and his second coming will bring about the ultimate conclusion of this age [13]. Therefore, Christians are exhorted to be constantly prepared for this event, as "the end could come at any time" [13]. This readiness involves a steadfast conviction in the truth of Scripture's declarations [3]. The expectation of Christ's return is not merely a passive waiting but an active, hopeful anticipation that shapes Christian life and conduct [8, 10, 11].

Sources

  1. Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Revelation of Christ — The second advent of Christ. Three different Greek words are used by the apostles to express this, (1) apokalupsis (1 Cor. 1;7; 2 Thess. 1:7; 1 Pet. 1:7, 13); (2) parousia (Matt. 24:3, 27; 1 Thess. 2:19; James 5:7, 8); (3) epiphaneia (1 Tim. 6:14; 2 Tim. 1:10; 4:1-8; Titus 2:13). There existed among Christians a wide expectation, founded on Matt. 24:29, 30, 34, of the speedy return of Christ. (See [533]MILLENNIUM.)”
  2. Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Coming of Christ — (1) with reference to his first advent "in the fulness of the time" (1 John 5:20; 2 John 1:7), or (2) with reference to his coming again the second time at the last day (Acts 1:11; 3:20, 21; 1 Thess. 4:15; 2 Tim. 4:1; Heb. 9:28). The expression is used metaphorically of the introduction of the gospel into any place (John 15:22; Eph. 2:17), the visible establishment of his kingdom in the world (Matt. 16:28), the conferring on his people of the peculiar tokens of his love (John 14:18, 23, 28), and his executing judgment on the wicked (2 Thess. 2:8).”
  3. Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Assurance — The resurrection of Jesus (Acts 17:31) is the "assurance" (Gr. pistis, generally rendered "faith") or pledge God has given that his revelation is true and worthy of acceptance. The "full assurance [Gr. plerophoria, full bearing'] of faith" (Heb. 10:22) is a fulness of faith in God which leaves no room for doubt. The "full assurance of understanding" (Col. 2:2) is an entire unwavering conviction of the truth of the declarations of Scripture, a joyful steadfastness on the part of any one of conviction that he has grasped the very truth. The "full assurance ”
  4. Titus “Titus 2:13 (YLT) — waiting for the blessed hope and manifestation of the glory of our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ,”
  5. Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Resurrection of Christ — One of the cardinal facts and doctrines of the gospel. If Christ be not risen, our faith is vain (1 Cor. 15:14). The whole of the New Testament revelation rests on this as an historical fact. On the day of Pentecost Peter argued the necessity of Christ's resurrection from the prediction in Ps. 16 (Acts 2:24-28). In his own discourses, also, our Lord clearly intimates his resurrection (Matt. 20:19; Mark 9:9; 14:28; Luke 18:33; John 2:19-22). The evangelists give circumstantial accounts of the facts connected with that event, and the apostles, ”
  6. Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Second Coming of Christ, The — Time of, unknown -- Mt 24:36; Mr 13:32. Called the Times of refreshing from the presence of the Lord. -- Ac 3:19. Times of restitution of all things. -- Ac 3:21; Ro 8:21. Last time. -- 1Pe 1:5. Appearing of Jesus Christ. -- 1Pe 1:7. Revelation of Jesus Christ. -- 1Pe 1:13. Glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour. -- Tit 2:13. Coming of the day of God. -- 2Pe 3:12. Day of our Lord Jesus Christ. -- 1Co 1:8. Foretold by Prophets. -- Da 7:13; Jude 1:14. Himself. -- Mt 25:31; Joh 14:3. Apostles. -- Ac 3:20; 1Ti 6:14. Angels. -- A”
  7. Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Resurrection of Christ, The — Foretold by the prophets -- Ps 16:10; Ac 13:34,35; Isa 26:19. Foretold by Himself -- Mt 20:19; Mr 9:9; 14:28; Joh 2:19-22. Was necessary to The fulfilment of Scripture. -- Lu 24:45,46. Forgiveness of sins. -- 1Co 15:17. Justification. -- Ro 4:25; 8:34. Hope. -- 1Co 15:19. The efficacy of preaching. -- 1Co 15:14. The efficacy of faith. -- 1Co 15:14,17. A proof of his being the Son of God -- Ps 2:7; Ac 13:33; Ro 1:4. Effected by The power of God. -- Ac 2:24; 3:15; Ro 8:11; Eph 1:20; Col 2:12. His own power. -- Joh 2:19; 10:18. The power of”
  8. Luke (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on Luke 12:35: And ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their Lord,.... Who either was at a wedding, or was the bridegroom himself; so be ye in a readiness, waiting for the coming of Christ, the bridegroom of the church: when he will return from the wedding, The Syriac version renders it, "from the house of feasting"; from any entertainment, or from the marriage feast, or rather the marriage itself, to the bride chamber: so when Christ has, by the preaching of the Gospel, and the power of his grace, espoused all his elect, he will descend from heaven, and take them to himself;”
  9. 1 John (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on 1 John 3:1: 3:1-3 When Christ returns, we will be like him, for we will see him as he really is. God’s children bear the image of Christ and will share in his glory (see Rom 8:18-30). • Those who have this hope keep themselves pure, seeking to become more like Christ in anticipation of his glorious appearing. It is partly for this reason that God’s children will not be ashamed when Christ comes (1 Jn 2:29).”
  10. 1 Thessalonians (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on 1 Thessalonians 1:10: And to wait for his Son from heaven,.... The Lord Jesus Christ, who is the natural, essential, and eternal Son of God; and whoever is truly converted, is not only turned to God the Father, and believes in him; but also believes in, receives, embraces, and professes his Son Jesus Christ; who became incarnate, and, in the human nature he assumed, obeyed, suffered, and died and rose again, and ascended into heaven, where he now is, and will be till the time of the restitution of all things; when he will descend from thence, and come and judge the world in righte”
  11. Psalms (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on Psalms 69:6: Let not them that wait on thee, O Lord God of hosts, be ashamed for my sake,.... Of their expectation of redemption and salvation by the Messiah, they have been waiting upon the Lord for; when they shall see him in suffering circumstances, and even dead and laid in the grave, without any hope of his rising again; which was the case of the two disciples travelling to Emmaus, Luk 24:19; whose trust in him, and expectation of him, as the Redeemer of Israel, were almost gone. The people of God, and believers in Christ, are described by such that "wait on the Lord"; for th”
  12. 1 Timothy (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on 1 Timothy 6:14: 6:14 until our Lord Jesus Christ comes again (literally until the appearance of our Lord Jesus Christ): Christ’s comings, both past (2 Tim 1:10; Titus 2:11) and future (2 Tim 4:1, 8; Titus 2:13), are described in the letters to Timothy and Titus as “epiphanies” or “appearances.” An epiphany is a divine intervention in a particular historical moment. The church is positioned between these past and future appearances of Christ. Christ’s first, saving epiphany made possible a new life; his future epiphany will achieve final salvation. Though the present is evil (t”
  13. 1 Peter (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on 1 Peter 4:7: 4:7-11 With this paragraph of miscellaneous exhortations, Peter concludes the third major section of the letter (3:13–4:11). 4:7 The end of the world is coming soon: At Christ’s coming, the “last days” predicted by the Old Testament prophets had begun (see 1:10-12). The next event in salvation history is the second coming of Christ, which will bring the end of the world as we know it. The end could come at any time; therefore, Christians must always be ready for it (see also Phil 4:5; Jas 5:8; Rev 1:3; 22:10).”
  14. Ephesians (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Ephesians 1:18: 1:18 Confident hope for believers is the anticipation of Christ’s return and his future blessings that they will share. Joined with Christ, believers become joint heirs with him of all God’s promised blessings.”
Ask Your Own Question
About Terms Privacy Contact

© 2026 BEREAN.AI. All rights reserved.