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Explaining the Gospel to Muslims and Jews

The "gospel" refers to the "good message" or "good tidings" of salvation through Jesus Christ [4, 5]. This message was proclaimed by Jesus himself and subsequently by his apostles, initially to Jews and then to Gentiles [4, 1]. The Apostle Matthew, for instance, wrote his Gospel to announce Jesus as the promised King of God's kingdom [2, 3, 4].

The early Christian proclamation of the gospel was directed to both Jews and Gentiles, emphasizing repentance toward God and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ [1]. The book of Acts records instances where Jews and converts to Judaism, alongside other nations, heard the wonders of God declared in their own languages [6]. Patristic writers like Clement of Alexandria noted that the Law and Prophets were given to "Barbarians" (a term for non-Greeks) and philosophy to the Greeks, both serving to prepare them for the gospel [7]. Tertullian also addressed Jewish converts, noting their initial adherence to Jewish law before embracing the Christian system [8].

The gospel is understood as good tidings of great joy for all people, foretold in the Old Testament and exhibiting the grace of God [5]. It is described as the power of God unto salvation, bringing life and immortality to light through Jesus Christ [5]. This message is not confined to any specific age, nation, or class of people; it is offered indiscriminately to Jew and Gentile, learned and ignorant, righteous and wicked [10]. John Gill, a Baptist commentator, interpreted Isaiah's prophecy of the deaf hearing the words of the book as a reference to the Gospel dispensation, where Gentiles, previously "deaf," would come to understand the doctrines of Scripture concerning the Messiah [13].

While the knowledge of Christ was present among the Jews under the Law, it was more clearly manifested under the Gospel [11]. Augustine, in his homilies, highlighted how Old Testament prophecies, such as "All the ends of the world shall remember themselves and be turned unto the Lord," pointed to the universal reach of Christ's kingdom [12]. The Apostle Addaeus also noted how the gospel "winged its way through all the earth" through the signs performed by Christ's disciples [14]. The mystery of the gospel, according to John Gill, includes the equal concern and interest that both Jews and Gentiles have in its privileges and the communion it offers with the Father, Son, and Spirit [9].

Sources

  1. Acts “Acts 20:21 (BBE) — Preaching to Jews and to Greeks the need for a turning of the heart to God, and faith in the Lord Jesus Christ.”
  2. Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Matthew, Gospel according to — The author of this book was beyond a doubt the Matthew, an apostle of our Lord, whose name it bears. He wrote the Gospel of Christ according to his own plans and aims, and from his own point of view, as did also the other "evangelists." As to the time of its composition, there is little in the Gospel itself to indicate. It was evidently written before the destruction of Jerusalem (Matt. 24), and some time after the events it records. The probability is that it was written between the years A.D. 60 and 65. The cast of thought and the for”
  3. Smith's Bible Dictionary “Smith's Bible Dictionary: Matthew, Gospel Of — + Its authorship .--That this Gospel was written by the apostle Matthew there is no reason to doubt. Seventeen independent witnesses of the first four centuries attest its genuineness. + Its original language .--The testimony of the early Church is unanimous that Matthew wrote originally in the Hebrew language. On the otherhand doubt is thrown over this opinion, both statements of by an examination of the fathers and by a consideration of peculiar forms of language employed in the Gospel itself. The question is unsettled, the best scholars not agr”
  4. Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Gospels — The central fact of Christian preaching was the intelligence that the Saviour had come into the world (Matt. 4:23; Rom. 10:15); and the first Christian preachers who called their account of the person and mission of Christ by the term evangelion_ (= good message) were called _evangelistai (= evangelists) (Eph. 4:11; Acts 21:8). There are four historical accounts of the person and work of Christ: "the first by Matthew, announcing the Redeemer as the promised King of the kingdom of God; the second by Mark, declaring him a prophet, mighty in deed and word'; th”
  5. Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Gospel, The — Is good tidings of great joy for all people -- Lu 2:10,11,31,32. Foretold -- Isa 41:27; 52:7; 61:1-3; Mr 1:15. Preached under the old testament -- Heb 4:2. Exhibits the grace of God -- Ac 14:3; 20:32. The knowledge of the glory of God is by -- 2Co 4:4,6. Life and immortality are brought to light by Jesus through -- 2Ti 1:10. Is the power of God to salvation -- Ro 1:16; 1Co 1:18; 1Th 1:5. Is glorious -- 2Co 4:4. Is everlasting -- 1Pe 1:25; Re 14:6. Preached by Christ -- Mt 4:23; Mr 1:14. Ministers have a stewardship to preach -- 1Co 9:17. Preached before”
  6. Acts “Acts 2:11 (BSB) — both Jews and converts to Judaism; Cretans and Arabs—we hear them declaring the wonders of God in our own tongues!””
  7. Schaff ANF/NPNF (Patristic) “ANF Vol 2: Hermas, Tatian, Theophilus, Athenagoras, Clement of Alexandria — CHAP. VI.--THE GOSPEL WAS PREACHED TO JEWS AND GENTILES IN HADES.[2] (part 1): But as the proclamation [of the Gospel] has come now at the fit time, so also at the fit time were the Law and the Prophets given to the Barbarians, and Philosophy to the Greeks, to fit their ears for the Gospel. "Therefore," says the Lord who delivered Israel, "in an acceptable time have I heard thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee. And I have given thee for a Covenant to the nations; that thou mightest inhabit the earth, and ”
  8. Schaff ANF/NPNF (Patristic) “ANF Vol 4: Tertullian IV, Minucius Felix, Commodian, Origen — CHAP. IV. (part 1): The Jew, then, continues his address to converts from his own nation thus: "Yesterday and the day before, when we visited with punishment the man who deluded you, ye became apostates from the law of your fathers;" showing by such statements (as we have just demonstrated) anything but an exact knowledge of the truth. But what he advances afterwards seems to have some force, when he says: "How is it that you take the beginning of your system from our worship, and when you have made some progress you treat it with d”
  9. Ephesians (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on Ephesians 3:9: And to make all men see what is the fellowship of the mystery,.... Or "the dispensation of the mystery" as the Complutensian, and several copies, and the Vulgate Latin and Syriac versions, read. The mystery is the Gospel; the fellowship of it is the communication of grace by it, a participation of the truths and doctrines of it, communion with Father, Son, and Spirit, which the Gospel calls and leads unto, and that equal concern and interest which both Jews and Gentiles have in the privileges of it. Now men are naturally in the dark about these things, and the minis”
  10. CCEL (Reformed (Old Princeton)) “Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology, Vol. 2, section 137: to all men indiscriminately to whom the gospel is sent. It is confined to no age, nation, or class of men. It is made to the Jew and Gentile, to Barbarians and Scythians, bond and free; to the learned and to the ignorant; to the righteous and to the wicked; to the elect and to the non-elect. This follows from its nature. Being a proclamation of the terms on which God is willing to save sinners, and an exhibition of the duty of fallen men in relation to that plan, it of necessity binds all those who are in the condition which the plan con”
  11. CCEL (Reformed) “John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, section 45: 363 CHAPTER 9. CHRIST, THOUGH KNOWN TO THE JEWS UNDER THE LAW, YET ONLY MANIFESTED UNDER THE GOSPEL. There are three principal heads in this chapter. I. Preparatory to a consideration of the knowledge of Christ, and the benefits procured by him; the 1st and 2nd sections are occupied with the dispensation of this knowledge, which, after the manifestation of Christ in the flesh, was more clearly revealed than under the Law. II. A refutation of the profane dream of Servetus, that the promises are entirely abrogated, sec. 3. Likewise, ”
  12. Schaff ANF/NPNF (Patristic) “NPNF1 Vol 6: Augustine — Homilies on the Gospels — ON THE WORDS OF THE GOSPEL, JOHN V. 39, " YE SEARCH THE SCRIPTURES, BECAUSE YE THINK THAT IN THEM YE HAVE ETERNAL LIFE," ETC. AGAINST THE DONATISTS. (part 4): the Head; "They digged My Hands and My Feet, they numbered all My Bones; and they looked and stared upon Me; they divided My garments among them, and cast lots upon My vesture."[5] Hear immediately a testimony for the Body, a few words alter, "All the ends of the world shall remember themselves and be turned unto the Lord, and all the kindreds of the nations shall worship in His sight; f”
  13. Isaiah (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on Isaiah 29:18: And in that day shall the deaf hear the words of the book,.... That is, in the Gospel day, or times of the Gospel dispensation, when that should be preached to the Gentiles; who before were deaf, but now should be made to hear, and be willing to hear, and hear so as to understand the doctrines contained in the Scriptures, the prophecies of them concerning the Messiah; even the words of that book that is sealed to the Jews, and could not be read, neither by the learned nor unlearned among them; but should be both read, heard, and understood, by the Gentiles, having ea”
  14. Schaff ANF/NPNF (Patristic) “ANF Vol 8: Twelve Patriarchs, Excerpts, Epistles, Apocrypha, Decretals — THE TEACHING OF ADDAEUS THE APOSTLE.[1] (part 3): not present at the time of Christ's suffering, yet from the sun which was darkened, and which ye saw, learn ye and understand concerning the great convulsion[3] which took place at that time, when He was crucified whose Gospel has winged its way through all the earth by the signs which His disciples my fellows do in all the earth: yea, those who were Hebrews, and knew only the language of the Hebrews, in which they were born, lo! at this day are speaking in all languages, ”
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