God's Initiative in Salvation History and Human Response
Salvation, meaning "deliverance" or "help" [1, 4], is consistently presented in Scripture as originating with God. The Old Testament declares that salvation "is of God" and "of the purpose of God" [2]. This divine initiative is evident from the announcement of salvation after the fall in Genesis 3:15, and continues through prophecies concerning the salvation of both Israel and the Gentiles [2].
The New Testament further emphasizes God's sovereign role in salvation. Titus 2:11 states that "the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to all men" [3]. This grace is not a response to human merit but is freely given by God [6]. Ephesians 2:5 highlights that believers are "made alive together with Christ" by God's grace, not by their own works [5]. The apostle Paul clarifies in Ephesians 2:8-9 that salvation is "by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; not as a result of works, so that no one may boast." This underscores that human actions cannot earn salvation; it is solely through God's mercy [6].
God's initiative extends beyond the initial act of salvation to the ongoing transformation of believers. Philippians 1:6 states that "God, who began the good work within you, will continue his work until it is finally finished on the day when Christ Jesus returns" [11, 13]. This indicates that God not only initiates salvation but also sustains and completes the process of sanctification, changing individuals into the likeness of his Son [11].
While salvation is entirely God's work, it produces a human response of good deeds. Believers are "created anew in Christ Jesus, so we can do the good things he planned for us" [7]. These good works are the result and evidence of salvation, not its cause [7]. The Holy Spirit, working through a transformed heart, enables a life of purity and good deeds [6, 9]. This new nature allows believers to "strip off their old life and put on Christ’s new life" [8]. Those who follow Christ become "his very own people," committed to doing good deeds, reflecting God's covenant with them [12]. Even in times of distress, believers are called to give thanks to God the Father through the Lord Jesus Christ, recognizing Him as the source of all blessings [10].
Sources
- Hitchcock's Bible Names “Hitchcock's Bible Names: Elisha — salvation of God”
- Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Salvation — Is of God -- Ps 3:8; 37:39; Jer 3:23. Is of the purpose of God -- 2Ti 1:9. Is of the appointment of God -- 1Th 5:9. God is willing to give -- 1Ti 2:4. Is by Christ -- Isa 63:9; Eph 5:23. Is by Christ alone -- Isa 45:21,22; 59:16; Ac 4:12. Announced after the fall -- Ge 3:15. Of Israel, predicted -- Isa 35:4; 45:17; Zec 9:16; Ro 11:26. Of the Gentiles, predicted -- Isa 45:22; 49:6; 52:10. Revealed in the gospel -- Eph 1:13; 2Ti 1:10. Came to the Gentiles through the fall of the Jews -- Ro 11:11. Christ The Captain of. -- Heb 2:10. The Author of. -- Heb 5:9”
- Titus “Titus 2:11 (NASB) — For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to all men,”
- Hitchcock's Bible Names “Hitchcock's Bible Names: Ishi — salvation”
- Ephesians (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Ephesians 2:5: 2:5 gave us life when he raised Christ from the dead (literally made us alive together with Christ): Joined with Christ, believers share in his resurrection, now and in the future (see 2:6; Rom 6:4-14; Col 3:1-4). • It is only by God’s grace that you have been saved: See Eph 1:2; 2:8-9.”
- Titus (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Titus 3:5: 3:5 not because . . . but because: The contrast is between human actions that might be thought to merit salvation and God’s grace (see Gal 2:16). Salvation is through faith in God’s mercy alone (Eph 2:8). • He washed away our sins, giving us a new birth: See Ezek 16:9; John 3:1-15; Eph 5:26; Heb 10:22; 2 Pet 1:9. • and new life through the Holy Spirit: This signifies a complete departure from the life of sin and death and a transfer into the realm of life and purity (see also Rom 12:2; 2 Cor 5:17; Col 3:10).”
- Ephesians (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Ephesians 2:10: 2:10 He has created us anew in Christ Jesus, so we can do the good things he planned for us: Good works are the result, not the cause, of salvation. God’s Spirit, working through a transformed heart, produces a good life (Gal 5:22-23).”
- Colossians (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Colossians 3:9: 3:9-10 your old sinful nature . . . your new nature: Paul contrasts old and new identities (see also Rom 5:12-21; 6:6; Eph 4:22-24). Believers strip off their old life and put on Christ’s new life, allowing him to be Lord and to guide the way they live.”
- Ephesians (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Ephesians 4:24: 4:24 A believer has a new nature: God’s Spirit expresses his life within the believer (see Col 3:10; cp. Gen 1:26; Rom 12:1-2; Gal 5:22-23). The transforming work of God’s Spirit is part of the gift of salvation (Eph 2:8-10).”
- Ephesians (Presbyterian) “Jamieson, Fausset & Brown on Ephesians 5:20: thanks . . . for all things--even for adversities; also for blessings, unknown as well as known (Col 3:17; Th1 5:18). unto God and the Father--the Fountain of every blessing in Creation, Providence, Election, and Redemption. Lord Jesus Christ--by whom all things, even distresses, become ours (Rom 8:35, Rom 8:37; Co1 3:20-23).”
- Phil (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Phil 1:6: 1:6 God, who began the good work within you: God takes the initiative to work his salvation in people (see Rom 9:16; Eph 1:3-8, 11; 2:4-10), so he can be trusted to continue his work of changing people into the likeness of his Son (see Rom 8:29; Eph 4:13, 15).”
- Titus (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Titus 2:14: 2:14 Salvation produces a people who have the desire and capacity for the good deeds outlined in 2:2-10. • He gave his life: See also 1 Tim 2:6. • to free us: See Gal 3:22; 4:4-5; cp. Exod 6:6-8. • The phrase his very own people recalls the formation of Israel as a nation (see Exod 19:5; Deut 7:6; 14:2). Those who follow Christ are now God’s people—his nation—and the Spirit leads them to keep God’s covenant. • totally committed to doing good deeds: See Titus 1:16; Eph 2:10.”
- Philippians (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Philippians 1:6: 1:6 God, who began the good work within you: God takes the initiative to work his salvation in people (see Rom 9:16; Eph 1:3-8, 11; 2:4-10), so he can be trusted to continue his work of changing people into the likeness of his Son (see Rom 8:29; Eph 4:13, 15).”