Heaven's Composition and Rewards for Saved Believers Generally
Heaven's Composition and Rewards for Saved Believers
The concept of heaven is deeply rooted in biblical teachings, with various descriptions of its nature and the rewards awaiting saved believers. The Bible describes heaven as a creation of God, everlasting, immeasurable, and holy [1]. According to Easton's Bible Dictionary, the Jewish notion understood heaven to be divided into three categories: the firmament, the starry heavens, and the "heaven of heavens" or "third heaven" [2].
The rewards for saved believers are multifaceted. Torrey's Topical Textbook outlines that these rewards are from God, through faith alone, and are described as being with Christ, beholding the face of God, and being glorified with Christ [3]. The biblical basis for these rewards is found in passages such as John 14:2-3, Philippians 1:23, and Revelation 22:4. According to the Tyndale House commentary on Revelation 21:1, the new heaven and new earth represent a new community and home for God's people, fashioned and given by God [6].
The nature of heaven is also described in terms of its composition. The Bible speaks of a "new heaven and a new earth" (Isaiah 65:17; 66:22; Revelation 21:1), indicating a renewal or transformation of the existing creation [4]. The new Jerusalem is described as the site of holy perfection, with God and the Lamb serving as its temple and light [6]. The rewards for believers include reigning with Christ as priests of God and sharing in His victorious reign [7, 8].
Different Christian traditions interpret these descriptions in various ways. For instance, Matthew Henry, a Nonconformist/Puritan commentator, sees the promises of a new heaven and new earth as having their full accomplishment in the gospel church, both militant and triumphant [9]. In contrast, the Eastern Orthodox tradition, as represented by John Chrysostom, emphasizes the spiritual significance of these promises [5].
The ultimate reward for believers is to be in the presence of God, beholding His face, and enjoying an eternal relationship with Him [3]. This understanding is rooted in biblical teachings and is a common thread across various Christian traditions. The descriptions of heaven and its rewards serve to encourage believers in their faith and to provide a vision of their future hope.
The biblical descriptions of heaven and the rewards for saved believers are not merely speculative but are grounded in the character and promises of God. As such, they form a vital part of Christian doctrine and eschatology, influencing how believers understand their present life and their future destiny.
Sources
- Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Heaven — Created by God -- Ge 1:1; Re 10:6. Everlasting -- Ps 89:29; 2Co 5:1. Immeasurable -- Jer 31:37. High -- Ps 103:11; Isa 57:15. Holy -- De 26:15; Ps 20:6; Isa 57:15. God's dwelling-place -- 1Ki 8:30; Mt 6:9. God's throne -- Isa 66:1; Ac 7:49. God Is the Lord of. -- Da 5:23; Mt 11:25. Reigns in. -- Ps 11:4; 135:6; Da 4:35. Fills. -- 1Ki 8:27; Jer 23:24. Answers his people from. -- 1Ch 21:26; 2Ch 7:14; Ne 9:27; Ps 20:6. Sends his judgments from. -- Ge 19:24; 1Sa 2:10; Da 4:13,14; Ro 1:18. Christ As Mediator, entered into. -- Ac 3:21; Heb 6:20; 9:12,24. Is all-po”
- Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Heaven — (1.) Definitions. The phrase "heaven and earth" is used to indicate the whole universe (Gen. 1:1; Jer. 23:24; Acts 17:24). According to the Jewish notion there were three heavens, (a) The firmament, as "fowls of the heaven" (Gen. 2:19; 7:3, 23; Ps. 8:8, etc.), "the eagles of heaven" (Lam. 4:19), etc. (b) The starry heavens (Deut. 17:3; Jer. 8:2; Matt. 24:29). (c) "The heaven of heavens," or "the third heaven" (Deut. 10:14; 1 Kings 8:27; Ps. 115:16; 148:4; 2 Cor. 12:2). (2.) Meaning of words in the original, (a) The usual Hebrew word for "heavens" is shamayim”
- Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Reward of Saints, The — Is from God -- Ro 2:7; Col 3:24; Heb 11:6. Is of grace, through faith alone -- Ro 4:4,5,16; 11:6. Is of God's good pleasure -- Mt 20:14,15; Lu 12:32. Prepared by God -- Heb 11:16. Prepared by Christ -- Joh 14:2. As servants of Christ -- Col 3:24. Not on account of their merits -- Ro 4:4,5. Described as Being with Christ. -- Joh 12:26; 14:3; Php 1:23; 1Th 4:17. Beholding the face of God. -- Ps 17:15; Mt 5:8; Re 22:4. Beholding the glory of Christ. -- Joh 17:24. Being glorified with Christ. -- Ro 8:17,18; Col 3:4; Php 3:21; 1Jo 3:2. Sitting in j”
- 2 Peter (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on 2 Peter 3:13: 3:13 the new heavens and new earth: See Isa 65:17; 66:22; Rev 21.”
- CCEL/NPNF (Eastern Orthodox) “John Chrysostom, Homilies on Galatians–Colossians–Thessalonians: 13:17 13:23 James 1:6 2:13 2:19 2:26 3:11 4:3 1 Peter 1:3 1:12 2:13 2:21 2:21 2:22 2:22 2:22 5:5 5:8 5:8 5:8 2 Peter 2:4 3:13 1 John 2:9 3:2 3:8 4:8 Revelation 1 1:4 1:9 1:11 1:16 1:20 2 3 3:12 14:1 14:4 14:13 15:6 20:9 22:16 Tobit 12:9 Wisdom of Solomon 1:4 1:14 11:23 11:24 14:16 Sirach 2:2 2:2 2:4 2:10 2:11 2:27 3:10-12 3:11 5:6 6:14 6:16 6:34 7:6 7:31 9:13 9:15 10:9 10:12-13 11:1 11:2 11:3 11:3 11:4 11:15 11:28 12:13 13:15 14:9 15:9 16:3 18:13 18:13 19:14-15 20:20 21:2 22:21-22 23:17 23:17 25:1 25:1 25:11 26:27 28:6 31:1 32:10”
- Revelation (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Revelation 21:1: 21:1–22:9 The final scenes of the new heaven and earth are striking pictures of a new community and home for God’s people that is fashioned and given by God. These scenes help to lift the spirits of persecuted Christians. John lays out his basic vision (21:1-8) and follows it with two expansions: (1) In 21:9-27, he presents the new Jerusalem as the site of holy perfection; (2) in 22:1-5, he describes the new Jerusalem as the ultimate Garden of Eden that Adam and Eve could have experienced had they not sinned. 21:1 The vision involves God’s creation of the new ”
- Revelation (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Revelation 20:6: 20:6 Blessed: This fifth blessing of Revelation (see also 1:3; 14:13; 16:15; 19:9; 22:7, 14) focuses on the promised reward of life. God’s faithful people (20:4) will reign with Christ as priests of God (see also 1:6; 5:10).”
- Revelation (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Revelation 3:21: 3:21 The reward for victorious and obedient faith is to sit with Christ on his throne. Christians do not become divine, but they share in Christ’s victorious reign (20:4, 6; 22:5; Col 3:1-4; 2 Tim 2:12).”
- Isaiah (Nonconformist/Puritan) “Matthew Henry on Isaiah 65:17: If these promises were in part fulfilled when the Jews, after their return out of captivity, were settled in peace in their own land and brought as it were into a new world, yet they were to have their full accomplishment in the gospel church, militant first and at length triumphant. The Jerusalem that is from above is free and is the mother of us all. In the graces and comforts which believers have in and from Christ we are to look for this new heaven and new earth. It is in the gospel that old things have passed away and all things have become new, and by it th”