Number of Wives of King Solomon in 1 Kings

Sources

1. Song of Solomon “There are sixty queens, eighty concubines, and virgins without number. -- Song of Solomon 6:8”
2. 1 Kings “Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites; -- 1 Kings 11:1”
3. 1 Kings (Nonconformist/Puritan) “Matthew Henry on 1 Kings 11:1: This is a sad story, and very surprising, of Solomon's defection and degeneracy. I. Let us enquire into the occasions and particulars of it. Shall Solomon fall, that was the beauty of Israel, and so great a blessing of his generation? Yes, it is too true, and the scripture is faithful in relating it, and repeating it, and referring to it long after, Neh 13:26. There was no king like Solomon who was beloved of his God, yet even him did outlandish women cause to sin. There is the summary of his apostasy; it was the woman that deceived him, and was first in the tran”
4. 1 Kings (Nonconformist/Puritan) “Matthew Henry on 1 Kings 12:1: Solomon had 1000 wives and concubines, yet we read but of one son he had to bear up his name, and he a fool. It is said (Hos 4:10), They shall commit whoredom, and shall not increase. Sin is a bad way of building up a family. Rehoboam was the son of the wisest of men, yet did not inherit his father's wisdom, and then it stood him in little stead to inherit his father's throne. Neither wisdom nor grace runs in the blood. Solomon came to the crown very young, yet he was then a wise man. Rehoboam came to the crown at forty years old, when men will be wise if ever th”
5. 1 Kings (Methodist/Wesleyan) “Adam Clarke on 1 Kings 11:3: He had seven hundred wives, princesses - How he could get so many of the blood royal from the different surrounding nations, is astonishing; but probably the daughters of noblemen, generals, etc., may be included. And three hundred concubines - These were wives of the second rank, who were taken according to the usages of those times; but their offspring could not inherit. Sarah was to Abraham what these seven hundred princesses were to Solomon; and the three hundred concubines stood in the same relation to the Israelitish king as Hagar and Keturah did to the patri”
6. Midrash Rabbah (Jewish (Rabbinic)) “Midrash Rabbah, Bamidbar Rabbah 21:19: You had a certain king, this is Solomon – “Solomon’s provision for one day was thirty kor of choice flour, sixty kor of flour; ten fattened oxen, twenty grazing oxen, and one hundred sheep, besides deer, gazelle, fallow deer, and fattened geese” (I Kings 5:2–3). Rabbi Yehuda ben Rabbi Zevida said: Solomon had one thousand wives, and each and every one of them would prepare that for him each day. Each one believed that he would eat with her. Nehemiah the governor, [the nation] was unable to afford his meal, as it is stated: “What was prepared for one day: ”
7. Ecclesiastes (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Ecclesiastes 2:8: 2:8 silver and gold . . . kings and provinces: Solomon ruled from the Fertile Crescent (north and east of Israel) to the border of Egypt in the south. His wealth in precious metals came from trade, gifts from admiring rulers of other nations, and taxes from lands he held within his empire (1 Kgs 4:21; 9:28; 10:14, 22-25; 1 Chr 29:4; 2 Chr 9:26-27). • many beautiful concubines: Solomon had 700 wives and 300 concubines by the end of his reign (1 Kgs 11:3).”
8. 1 Kings (Methodist/Wesleyan) “Adam Clarke on 1 Kings 12:1: Rehoboam went to Shechem - Rehoboam was probably the only son of Solomon; for although he had a thousand wives, he had not the blessing of a numerous offspring; and although he was the wisest of men himself, his son was a poor, unprincipled fool. Had Solomon kept himself within reasonable bounds in matrimonial affairs, he would probably have had more children; and such as would have had common sense enough to discern the delicacy of their situation, and rule according to reason and religion.”
9. Midrash Rabbah (Jewish (Rabbinic)) “Midrash Rabbah, Kohelet Rabbah 2:2:3: Another matter: “Of laughter, I said it is confounded” – how confounding is laughter, as Rabbi Aḥa said that Shmuel said: Three are the matters with which the attribute of justice challenged [Solomon], and ultimately confounded and confused him. It is written: “He shall not have many wives” (Deuteronomy 17:17), and it is written [of Solomon]: “He had seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubines” (I Kings 11:3). It is written: “He shall not have many horses” (Deuteronomy 17:16), and it is written: “Solomon had forty thousand stables of hors”
10. 1 Kings (Presbyterian) “Jamieson, Fausset & Brown on 1 Kings 11:3: he had seven hundred wives, princesses--They were, probably, according to an existing custom, the daughters of tributary chiefs, given as hostages for good conduct of their fathers. concubines--were legitimate, but lower or secondary wives. These the chief or first wife regards without the smallest jealousy or regret, as they look up to her with feelings of respectful submission. Solomon's wives became numerous, not all at once, but gradually. Even at an early period his taste for Oriental show seems to have led to the establishment of a considerabl”
11. Babylonian Talmud (Jewish (Rabbinic)) “Babylonian Talmud, Bava Metzia 86b.3: And Rabbi Yitzḥak further says: King Solomon had one thousand wives, each one of whom would prepare for him at her home a feast of such proportions. What is the reason that they did this? This wife reasoned: Perhaps he will feast with me today, and that wife reasoned: Perhaps he will feast with me today. But with regard to Abraham, it is written: “And Abraham ran to the herd, and fetched a calf tender and good” (Genesis 18:7), and Rav Yehuda says that Rav says, in explanation of the verse: “A calf” indicates one; the word “tender” means an additional one, ”