The Origin of the Universe According to Genesis Creation
Genesis 1:1 declares, "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth" [2], establishing the foundational claim that all things originate from God's creative act. The Hebrew verb bara ("created") appears three times in Genesis 1: at the origin of matter, at the origin of life, and at the origin of the human soul [1]. This selective use suggests that these represent distinct creative acts rather than continuous natural processes, though the text does not specify the method of creation beyond these initial acts [1].
The Nature of the Creative Act
The biblical account attributes creation to God calling all things into being "out of nothing" [4]. This creative work is ascribed to the Godhead collectively (Genesis 1:1, 26), to the Father (1 Corinthians 8:6), to the Son (John 1:3; Colossians 1:16-17), and to the Holy Spirit (Genesis 1:2; Job 26:13; Psalm 104:30) [4]. The act was "absolutely free, and for infinitely wise reasons," existing solely in the will of God rather than from any external necessity [4]. Nothing in Genesis 1 is created apart from God's powerful word [6]—the divine command "Let there be..." enacted God's will directly [6].
The Hebrew name Elohim ("God") signifies "Strong" or "Mighty," expressing omnipotent power [7]. Its plural form obscurely teaches at the opening of Scripture a doctrine revealed more clearly elsewhere: that though God is one, there exists a plurality of persons in the Godhead [7]. This distinguishes Jehovah as the true God in contrast to false deities (Isaiah 37:16; 40:12-13; Psalm 96:5; Jeremiah 10:11-12) [4].
Historical and Literary Context
Genesis, called Bereshith ("in the beginning") by the Jews and named for "origin" in the Septuagint [3, 5], was written by Moses, likely during the forty years of wilderness wandering (1491-1451 BC) [3]. The phrase "in the beginning" denotes "a period of remote and unknown antiquity, hid in the depths of eternal ages" [7], similar to its use in Proverbs 8:22-23 [7]. The account bears the marks of a historical document intended to convey actual truth about both the fact of creation and its progression through distinct stages [8]. Its placement at the opening of divine revelation answers the fundamental question, "Where is God my Maker?" (Job 35:10) [9], establishing the foundation for all religion in humanity's relation to God as Creator [9].
Sources
- Smith's Bible Dictionary “Smith's Bible Dictionary: Creation — (The creation of all things is ascribed in the Bible to God, and is the only reasonable account of the origin of the world. The method of creation is not stated in Genesis, and as far as the account there is concerned, each part of it may be, after the first acts of creation, by evolution, or by direct act of God's will. The word create (bara) is used but three times in the first chapter of Genesis-- (1) as to the origin of matter; (2) as to the origin of life; (3) as to the origin of man's soul; and science has always failed to do any of these acts thus as”
- Genesis “Genesis 1:1 (Geneva1599) — In the beginning God created the heauen and the earth.”
- Smith's Bible Dictionary “Smith's Bible Dictionary: Genesis — (origin), the first book of the law or Pentateuch, so called from its title ia the Septuagint, that is, Creation . Its author was Moses. The date of writing was probably during the forty-years wanderings in the wilderness, B.C. 1491-1451. Time .--The book of Genesis covered 2369 years,--from the creation of Adam, A.M 1, to the death of Joseph, A.M. 2369, or B.C. 1635. Character and purpose .--The book of Genesis (with the first chapters of Exodus) describes the steps which led to the establishment of the theocracy. It is a part of the writer's plan to tell u”
- Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Creation — "In the beginning" God created, i.e., called into being, all things out of nothing. This creative act on the part of God was absolutely free, and for infinitely wise reasons. The cause of all things exists only in the will of God. The work of creation is attributed (1) to the Godhead (Gen. 1:1, 26); (2) to the Father (1 Cor. 8:6); (3) to the Son (John 1:3; Col. 1:16, 17); (4) to the Holy Spirit (Gen. 1:2; Job 26:13; Ps. 104:30). The fact that he is the Creator distinguishes Jehovah as the true God (Isa. 37:16; 40:12, 13; 54:5; Ps. 96:5; Jer. 10:11, 12). Th”
- Easton's Bible Dictionary “Easton's Bible Dictionary: Genesis — The five books of Moses were collectively called the Pentateuch, a word of Greek origin meaning "the five-fold book." The Jews called them the Torah, i.e., "the law." It is probable that the division of the Torah into five books proceeded from the Greek translators of the Old Testament. The names by which these several books are generally known are Greek. The first book of the Pentateuch (q.v.) is called by the Jews Bereshith, i.e., "in the beginning", because this is the first word of the book. It is generally known among Christians by the name of Genesis,”
- Genesis (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Genesis 1:3: 1:3-13 In the first three days, God formed the chaos into a habitable world. 1:3 Then God said: Nothing in ch 1 is created apart from God’s powerful word (cp. Ps 33:6, 9). • “Let there be . . .” and there was: God’s command enacted his will to create the world. God is not a part of creation or limited by it; he is the supreme ruler over everything (cp. Neh 9:6).”
- Genesis (Presbyterian) “Jamieson, Fausset & Brown on Genesis 1 (introduction): Genesis 1:1 THE CREATION OF HEAVEN AND EARTH. (Gen 1:1-2) In the beginning--a period of remote and unknown antiquity, hid in the depths of eternal ages; and so the phrase is used in Pro 8:22-23. God--the name of the Supreme Being, signifying in Hebrew, "Strong," "Mighty." It is expressive of omnipotent power; and by its use here in the plural form, is obscurely taught at the opening of the Bible, a doctrine clearly revealed in other parts of it, namely, that though God is one, there is a plurality of persons in the Godhead--Father, So”
- Genesis (Lutheran) “Keil & Delitzsch on Genesis 1 (introduction): The Creation of the World - Genesis 1:1-2:3 The account of the creation, its commencement, progress, and completion, bears the marks, both in form and substance, of a historical document in which it is intended that we should accept as actual truth, not only the assertion that God created the heavens, and the earth, and all that lives and moves in the world, but also the description of the creation itself in all its several stages. If we look merely at the form of this document, its place at the beginning of the book of Genesis is sufficient to war”
- Genesis (Nonconformist/Puritan) “Matthew Henry on Genesis 1 (introduction): The foundation of all religion being laid in our relation to God as our Creator, it was fit that the book of divine revelations which was intended to be the guide, support, and rule, of religion in the world, should begin, as it does, with a plain and full account of the creation of the world - in answer to that first enquiry of a good conscience, "Where is God my Maker?" (Job 35:10). Concerning this the pagan philosophers wretchedly blundered, and became vain in their imaginations, some asserting the world's eternity and self-existence, others ascrib”