Utilizing Technology to Enhance Scripture Accessibility

The accessibility of Scripture has been a consistent theme throughout Christian history, evolving from public readings in early congregations to modern technological dissemination. The Apostle Paul exhorted Timothy to give attention to "the public reading of Scripture, to exhortation and teaching" until his arrival ^[1]. This practice of public Scripture reading was a direct transfer from the Jewish synagogue to the early Christian Church, as evidenced in Luke 4:16-20 and Acts 13:15 ^[4].

Early Christian leaders, such as John Chrysostom, emphasized the importance of the biblical text, with scholarly efforts dedicated to ensuring accurate and accessible versions of homilies and commentaries ^[5]. The Scriptures themselves are described as "given by inspiration of God" and "by inspiration of the Holy Spirit," referred to as the "Word of God" and the "Holy Scriptures" ^[3]. Christ himself sanctioned the Scriptures by appealing to them and teaching from them ^[3].

Historically, access to Scripture was often mediated through public readings or through the clergy. Adam Clarke, a Methodist commentator, noted that while Timothy would have understood Paul's instruction to "give attendance to reading," the specific books intended were likely the Old Testament, which testified of Jesus ^[6]. Clarke suggests that this reading was both public, in assemblies, and private ^[6]. The ability to access and understand these texts was crucial for both convincing and confounding those who heard them ^[6].

The concept of "access to God" itself is presented in Scripture as being "of God" and achieved "by Christ" and "by the Holy Spirit" ^[2]. This access is obtained through faith and follows reconciliation with God ^[2]. John Gill, a Baptist commentator, explains that both Jews and Gentiles have "access" to the Father "through him" (Christ) and "by one Spirit," allowing them to approach God with freedom and boldness ^[10]. This spiritual access parallels the physical access to the written word.

In contemporary times, technology has significantly broadened the reach of Scripture. While the early church relied on handwritten manuscripts and public proclamation, modern advancements allow for widespread distribution and personal study. The underlying principle remains the same: to make the divine word available to believers for their spiritual growth and understanding. Just as scholars like Calvin dedicated themselves to interpreting and disseminating Scripture ^{[7, 9]}, modern tools continue this tradition by making biblical texts, commentaries, and theological resources more readily available to a global audience. The Jewish tradition also highlights the importance of understanding the language of Scripture, noting that the Torah employs human language for comprehension ^[8]. This emphasis on understanding underscores the ongoing need for accessible forms of Scripture.

Sources

1 Timothy “1 Timothy 4:13 (NASB) — Until I come, give attention to the public reading of Scripture, to exhortation and teaching.”
Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Access to God — Is of God -- Ps 65:4. Is by Christ -- Joh 10:7, 9; 14:6; Ro 5:2; Eph 2:13; 3:12; Heb 7:9, 25; 10:19; 1Pe 3:18. Is by the Holy Spirit -- Eph 2:18. Obtained through faith -- Ac 14:27; Ro 5:2; Eph 3:12; Heb 11:6. Follows upon reconciliation to God -- Col 1:21,22. In Prayer -- See Prayer. De 4:7; Mt 6:6; 1Pe 1:17. In his temple -- Ps 15:1; 27:4; 43:3; 65:4. To obtain mercy and grace -- Heb 4:16. A privilege of saints -- De 4:7; Ps 15:1; 23:6; 24:3,4. Saints have, with confidence -- Eph 3:12; Heb 4:16; 10:19,20. Vouchsafed to repenting sinners -- See Repen”
Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Scriptures, The — Given by inspiration of God -- 2Ti 3:16. Given by inspiration of the Holy Spirit -- Ac 1:16; Heb 3:7; 2Pe 1:21. Christ sanctioned, by appealing to them -- Mt 4:4; Mr 12:10; Joh 7:42. Christ taught out of -- Lu 24:27. Are called the Word. -- Jas 1:21-23; 1Pe 2:2. Word of God. -- Lu 11:28; Heb 4:12. Word of Christ. -- Col 3:16. Word of truth. -- Jas 1:18. Holy Scriptures. -- Ro 1:2; 2Ti 3:15. Scripture of truth. -- Da 10:21. Book. -- Ps 40:7; Re 22:19. Book of the Lord. -- Isa 34:16. Book of the law. -- Ne 8:3; Ga 3:10. Law of the Lord. -- Ps 1:2; Isa”
1 Timothy (Presbyterian) “Jamieson, Fausset & Brown on 1 Timothy 4:13: Till I come--when Timothy's commission would be superseded for the time by the presence of the apostle himself (Ti1 1:3; Ti1 3:14). reading--especially in the public congregation. The practice of reading Scripture was transferred from the Jewish synagogue to the Christian Church (Luk 4:16-20; Act 13:15; Act 15:21; Co2 3:14). The New Testament Gospel and Epistles being recognized as inspired by those who had the gift of discerning spirits, were from the first, according as they were written, read along with the Old Testament in the Church (Th1 5:21”
CCEL/NPNF (Eastern Orthodox) “John Chrysostom, Homilies on Matthew: and practice within the Church. For all information with respect to the Text and Manuscripts of these Homilies, the learned reader is referred to the Greek Edition of Mr. Field, which has been of great service, as affording a safe basis for the Translation. The paucity of materials possessed by Savile, and the carelessness of the Benedictine Editor, had left much room for improvement by a judicious and faithful use of the existing copies. It may now at last be hoped, that we have a Text very closely approximating to the genuine work of the Author. For the ”
1 Timothy (Methodist/Wesleyan) “Adam Clarke on 1 Timothy 4:13: Give attendance to reading - Timothy could easily comprehend the apostle's meaning; but at present this is not so easy. What books does the apostle mean? The books of the Old Testament were probably what he intended; these testified of Jesus, and by these he could either convince or confound the Jews. But, whether was the reading of these to be public or private? Probably both. It was customary to read the law and the prophets in the synagogue, and doubtless in the assemblies of the Christians; after which there was generally an exhortation founded upon the subje”
CCEL (Reformed) “Calvin, Commentary on Isaiah, Vol. 2, section 3.3: when you brought your family, and settled down permanently here for the express purpose of assisting the efforts of the godly by your skill and industry. These things I take pleasure in relating, in order that, by calling to remembrance what you have experienced, I may quicken your zeal, and may stimulate you to perform those things which you have undertaken, and of which it will be impossible for you ever to repent, and may give a fresh impulse even to your cheerful and willing exertions. Proceed then, my dear Crispin, in assisting by your di”
Sefaria (Jewish (Rationalist)) “Abraham Ibn Ezra on Exodus 31:18: TABLES OF STONE. I have already explained this. 91 See I.E. on Ex. 24:12. [WITH THE FINGER OF GOD.] Scripture’s statement with the finger of God is an anthropomorphism, 92 The Torah employs human language so that those who hear its words will understand. for the Lord’s will is accomplished by the word coming out of God’s mouth. God’s mouth is employed metaphorically. God is said to act like human kings. This is how For He commanded, and they were created (Ps. 118:27) is to be understood. 93 I.E. makes the same point in his comments on Gen. 1:3. God’s words app”
CCEL (Reformed) “Calvin, Commentary on Genesis, Vol. 1 (Gen 1-23), section 1.5: more recently been subjected. Still his verbal criticisms are neither few nor unimportant, though he lays comparatively little stress upon them himself. 5 5 The reader is referred, for full information on this subject, to a small volume entitled, “The Merits of Calvin as an Interpreter of the Holy Scriptures,” by Professor Tholuck of Halle. To which are added, “Opinions and Testimonies of Foreign and British Divines and Scholars as to the Importance of the Writings of John Calvin.” With a Preface by the Revelation William Pringle. ”
Ephesians (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on Ephesians 2:18: For through him we both have an access, That is, both Jews and Gentiles; the Arabic version reads, "we both factions": being made one, and reconciled unto God, and having the Gospel of peace preached to both, they have through Christ freedom of access and boldness in it: by one Spirit unto the Father: they may come to God as the Father of spirits, and of mercies, who has made their souls or spirits, and bestowed his mercies on them in great abundance; and as the Father of Christ, and as their God and Father in Christ: and the rather they should consider him in th”

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