Who Are the Modern-Day Ishmaelites in Scripture

Sources

1. Smith's Bible Dictionary “Smith's Bible Dictionary: Ishmeelite — (1 Chronicles 2:17) and Ish'me-elites (descendants of Ishmael), (Genesis 37:25,27,28; 39:1) the form in which the descendants of Ishmael are given in a few places in the Authorized Version.”
2. Smith's Bible Dictionary “Smith's Bible Dictionary: Ishmael — (whom God hears). + The son of Abraham by Hagar the Egyptian his concubine; born when Abraham was fourscore and six years old. (Genesis 16:15,16) (B.C. 1910.) Ishmael was the first-born of his father. He was born in Abraham's house when he dwelt in the plain of Mamre; and on the institution of the covenant of circumcision, was circumcised, he being then thirteen years old (Genesis 17:26) With the institution of the covenant, God renewed his promise respecting Ishmael. He does not again appear in the narrative until the weaning of Isaac. At the great feast ma”
3. 1 Chronicles “and Ishmaiah the Gibeonite, a mighty man among the thirty, and over the thirty, and Jeremiah, and Jahaziel, and Johanan, and Jozabad the Gederathite, -- 1 Chronicles 12:4”
4. I Chronicles “I Chronicles 12:4 (Geneva1599) — And Ishmaiah the Gibeonite, a valiant man among thirtie, and aboue the thirtie, and Ieremiah, and Iehaziel, and Iohanan, and Ioshabad the Gederathite,”
5. STEPBible TIPNR “Biblical proper name: [email protected]=H3458H — Jeremiah's adversary living at the time of Divided Monarchy (refs: #A man living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 2Ki.25.23; <br>only referred to as)”
6. STEPBible TIPNR “Biblical proper name: [email protected]=H3458I — Man living at the time of Divided Monarchy (refs: #A man from the tribe of Benjamin living at the time of Divided Monarchy, first mentioned at 1Ch.8.3)”
7. Genesis “Genesis 25:12 (Geneva1599) — Nowe these are the generations of Ishmael Abrahams sonne, whome Hagar the Egyptian Sarahs handmayde bare vnto Abraham.”
8. STEPBible TIPNR “Biblical proper name: [email protected]=H3458L — Man living at the time of Exile and Return (refs: #A priest living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.10.22; <br>only referred to )”
9. Torrey's Topical Textbook “Torrey's Topical Textbook: Ishmaelites, The — Descended from Abraham's son, Ishmael -- Ge 16:15,16; 1Ch 1:28. Divided into twelve tribes -- Ge 25:16. Heads of tribes -- Ge 25:13-15; 1Ch 1:29-31. Called Hagarites. -- 1Ch 5:10. Hagarenes. -- Ps 83:6. Arabians. -- Isa 13:20. Original possessions of -- Ge 25:18. Governed by kings -- Jer 25:24. Dwelt in tents -- Isa 13:20. Rich in cattle -- 1Ch 5:21. Wore ornaments of gold -- Jdj 8:24. Were the merchants of the east -- Ge 37:25; Eze 27:20,21. Travelled in large companies or caravans -- Ge 37:25; Job 6:19. Waylaid and plundered travellers -- Jer 3:2”
10. Jude (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Jude 8:24: 8:24 Ishmaelites and Midianites were both descendants of Abraham (Gen 16:15; 25:2).”
11. Sefaria (Jewish (Kabbalistic/Philosophical)) “Ramban (Nachmanides) on Genesis 37:25: AND, BEHOLD, A CARAVAN OF ISHMAELITES CAME FROM GILEAD. When they looked up and saw at a distance men approaching from the direction of Gilead, 76 Ramban’s intent is to explain why Scripture refers to these men first as Ishmaelites, then as Midianites (Verse 28), and again as Ishmaelites ( ibid. ), and finally as Midianites (Verse 36). they recognized them as a camel caravan of Ishmaelites on their way to Egypt, for it was from Gilead that balms and spices came, and it was their custom to bring it to Egypt. This was why Judah said to them, “Behold these m”
12. Genesis (Protestant academic) “Tyndale House on Genesis 37:28: 37:28 the Ishmaelites, who were Midianite traders (literally the Midianite traders): Ishmaelites were descendants of Abraham through Hagar (16:5), while Midianites were descendants of Abraham through Keturah (25:1-2). The term Ishmaelite may have described bedouin tribes generally. The Midianites might also have been traveling with a separate caravan of Ishmaelite traders (37:27). • Kidnapping (see 40:15) would become a capital offense (see Exod 21:16) in Jewish law.”
13. 1 Chronicles (Baptist/Reformed) “John Gill on 1 Chronicles 5:9: And in the days of Saul they made war with the Hagarites,.... Not with the Hungarians, as the Targum, a people not then in being; but the Ishmaelites, so called because they descended from Hagar (s), Sarah's maid; the same that are placed by Pliny (t) and Ptolemy (u) in Arabia, near the Batanaeans, or inhabitants of Bashan; with those the Reubenites made war, in conjunction with the Gadites and half tribe of Manasseh, Ch1 5:18, perhaps this war might be much about the time Saul relieved Jabeshgilead, and beat the Ammonites, Sa1 11:1 by which the tribes on that si”
14. 1 Chronicles (Lutheran) “Keil & Delitzsch on 1 Chronicles 5:9: And in the days of Saul they made war with the Hagarites,.... Not with the Hungarians, as the Targum, a people not then in being; but the Ishmaelites, so called because they descended from Hagar (s), Sarah's maid; the same that are placed by Pliny (t) and Ptolemy (u) in Arabia, near the Batanaeans, or inhabitants of Bashan; with those the Reubenites made war, in conjunction with the Gadites and half tribe of Manasseh, Ch1 5:18, perhaps this war might be much about the time Saul relieved Jabeshgilead, and beat the Ammonites, Sa1 11:1 by which the tribes on ”
15. 1 Chronicles (Nonconformist/Puritan) “Matthew Henry on 1 Chronicles 5:18: The heads of the half-tribe of Manasseh, that were seated on the other side Jordan, are named here, Ch1 5:23, Ch1 5:24. Their lot, at first, was Bashan only; but afterwards they increased so much in wealth and power that they spread far north, even unto Hermon. Two things only are here recorded concerning these tribes on the other side Jordan, in which they were all concerned. They all shared, I. In a glorious victory over the Hagarites, so the Ishmaelites were now called, to remind them that they were the sons of the bond-woman, that was cast out. We are no”